Antiplatelet and antithrombotic drugs, which stop clots from forming, are used routinely. Critical facts if med school is a minnesota forest with millions of trees, these are the red pines 1. Blood coagulation and anticoagulant, fibrinolytic, and antiplatelet drugs. Antiplatelet drugs antithrombotics linkedin slideshare. Antiplatelet medications heart and stroke foundation. Chapter 34 this version has been changed compared to the one made available on wednesday april 26 sorry. Aspirin should be continued, with the exception of certain highrisk procedures such as. Antiplatelet drugs acetylsalicylic acid aspirin p2y12 antagonists pde inhibitors gpiibiiia antagonists used widely in patients at risk of. Brahma associate professor department of pharmacology neigrihms, shillong antiplatelet drugs antithrombotic drugs 2. Antiplatelet therapies are also effective for the prevention of fibrinrich thrombi that form under lowshear conditions, such as vte and left atrial appendage thrombi that form in patients with. Anticoagulant, thrombolytic, and antiplatelet drugs katzung 9th ed. Antiplatelet drugs are intended to prevent andor reverse platelet aggregation in arterial thrombosis, most prominently in myocardial infarction and ischaemic stroke.
Platelet function returns to normal within 12 weeks as new platelets replace those affected by ticlopidine or clopidogrel. Small cells in the blood called platelets cause the blood to clot. The antiplatelet drugs prescribed to prevent coronary occlusion also increase the risk of bleeding during surgery. Antiplatelet drugs alter platelet activation at the site of vascular injury, which is usually necessary for the development of arterial thrombosis. Newer antiplatelet drugs authorstream presentation. If so, share your ppt presentation slides online with. Recent development of new antiplatelet drugs such as prasugrel or ticagrelor adds new therapeutic options for these patients, and will soon become part of daily practice. Antiplatelet drugs like aspirin dipyridamole abciximab clopidogrel ticlopidine prasugrel. Winner of the standing ovation award for best powerpoint templates from presentations magazine. Anticoagulant, thrombolytic, and antiplatelet drugs.
If your prescription isnt listed, your pharmacist is the best. Ajw200, arc1779, arc15105, alx0081, 82d6 a3 gpvi receptor antagonists. Antiplatelet drugs alter the platelet activation at the site of vascular damage crucial to the development of arterial thrombosis. Chapter 34 this version has been changed compared to the one made available on wednesday april. Antiplatelet drugs are a group of powerful medicines that prevent blood clots when you are wounded, platelets arrive on the scene and group together to form a clot that stops the bleeding. Ticagrelor, elinogrel, cangrelor, bx 667 gpiib iiia antagonist. Because these drugs work by reducing the formation of blood clots, they can also. Stroke is a leading cause of mortality and disability worldwide. Jan 09, 2006 antiplatelet drugs are intended to prevent andor reverse platelet aggregation in arterial thrombosis, most prominently in myocardial infarction and ischaemic stroke. Antiplatelet drug an overview sciencedirect topics. The pharmacological basis of therapeutics, e brunton ll, hilaldandan r, knollmann bc.
Data sources include ibm watson micromedex updated 4 may 2020, cerner multum updated 4 may 2020, wolters kluwer updated. Thrombolytics, anticoagulant and antiplatelet drugs is the property of its rightful owner. Jul 18, 20 the cycloxygenase pathway, the receptor for adp, fibrinogen binding to the iib,iiia receptor. Lifeblood the thrombosis charity antiplatelet and thrombolytic drugs these slides were kindly provided by astrazeneca. They work by reducing the platelets stickiness viscosity. Goodman and gilmans manual of pharmacology and therapeutics, 2e hilaldandan r, brunton ll. Definition of medication, antiplatelet medicinenet. Clot formation in coronary arteries may cut off the blood supply to a. The currently available antiplatelet drugs target key steps of platelet activation including thromboxane a 2 synthesis, adpmediated. The most common antiplatelet in use today is the overthecounter drug aspirin, which has been found to prevent platelet binding and clot formation. Antiplatelet agents are medicines that reduce the ability of platelets to stick together called platelet aggregation and inhibit the formation of blood clots. Falace, dmd professor and division chief oral diagnosis and oral medicine university of kentucky college of dentistry 2. A powerpoint presentation on antiplatelet drugs suitable for ug mbbs.
Antiischemic drugs eg, betablockers, iv nitroglycerin are frequently added, particularly when chest pain or. Pdf antiplatelet agents for the treatment and prevention. Antiplatelet drugs inhibit platelet corpuscles that enhance blood clotting. Antiplatelet and anticoagulant drugs are effective for the prevention of mi and death across the spectrum of patients presenting with acs, including stemi patients treated with fibrinolytic. Management of these medications in the perioperative and periinjury settings can be challenging for surgeons, mandating an understanding of these agents and the risks and benefits of various management strategies.
The currently available antiplatelet drugs target key steps of platelet activation including thromboxane a 2 synthesis, adp. Antiplatelet drugs aspirin dipyridamole thienopyridines clopidogrel ticlopidine gp iibiiia antagonists abciximab eptafibatide tirofiban thrombolytics for acute arterial thromboembolism see ihd. Dental management of patients on anticoagulant and antiplatelet drugs donald a. Updated antiplatelet guideline reflects new drugs, research. Ppt anticoagulant drugs powerpoint presentation free.
They are particularly effective in the arterial circulation, where anticoagulants have little effect. Platelets, the smallest blood cell play crucial role in the development of arterial thrombi that leads to 1. Antiplatelets are types of anticoagulants medications used to help prevent the formation of blood clots when no injury has occurred. This animation illustrates the various mechanisms by which antiplatelet drugs act to prevent normal and pathological thromboses. Peripheral artery disease 31% stroke risk reduction 31% how is this chart calculated. Although clotting is an important step in wound healing, inappropriate clotting can be harmful. Anticoagulants, thrombolytics agents and antiplatelet drugs. Drugs that reduce the formation or inhibit the action of chemicals that promote the activation and aggregation of platelets, blood components important for the clotting of blood. Various antiplatelet and anticoagulant drugs have been suggested as novel therapeutic strategies to improve platelet function in t2dm 231 232 233234235236237. Oct 28, 2014 antiplatelet drug is a generic term, describing agents which decrease platelet aggregation and inhibit thrombus formation. Clot formation in coronary arteries may cut off the blood supply to a region of the heart and cause a myocardial infarction heart attack. Because of the predominance of platelets and fibrin in thrombi, antithrombotic drugs used to. Pdf antiplatelet and anticoagulant drugs in interventional.
Anticoagulant, antithrombotic and antiplatelet drugs. Perioperative management of longterm anticoagulation. The most familiar and most used antiplatelet drug is aspirin. An increasing number of potent antiplatelet and anticoagulant medications are being used for the longterm management of cardiac, cerebrovascular, and peripheral vascular conditions. Theyll give your presentations a professional, memorable appearance the kind of sophisticated look that todays audiences expect. Antiplatelet and anticoagulant drugs are effective for the prevention of mi and death across the spectrum of patients presenting with acs, including stemi patients treated with fibrinolytic therapy and those undergoing mechanical reperfusion. Nov 29, 2016 acute coronary syndrome acs is a term used to encompass unstable angina ua and myocardial infarction mi with or without electrocardiographic ecg evidence of stsegment elevation. Jan 23, 2012 antiplatelet therapies are also effective for the prevention of fibrinrich thrombi that form under lowshear conditions, such as vte and left atrial appendage thrombi that form in patients with atrial fibrillation, but for these indications, antiplatelet drugs are less effective than anticoagulants. Asa, also called acetylsalicylic acid or aspirin aspirin, asaphen, entrophen, novasen clopidogrel plavix prasugrel effient ticagrelor brilinta generic names are listed first. May 19, 2006 drugs that reduce the formation or inhibit the action of chemicals that promote the activation and aggregation of platelets, blood components important for the clotting of blood. Normally, when there is a cut or break in a small blood vessel, a blood clot forms to plug the hole until the blood vessel heals.
Four main types of antiplatelet drugs are available. Acute coronary syndrome acs is a term used to encompass unstable angina ua and myocardial infarction mi with or without electrocardiographic ecg evidence of stsegment. Platelets play an important role in atherothrombotic disease. Antiischemic drugs eg, betablockers, iv nitroglycerin are frequently added, particularly when chest pain or hypertension is present see table drugs for coronary artery disease.
Classification of antiplatelet drugs drug group sub groups route name of drugs 1 irreversible cox inhibitor oral aspirin low dose 2 adp receptor blockers p2y thienopyridines oral clopidogrel, prasugrel, ticlopidine, ticagrelor 3 glycoprotein iibiiia inhibitors monoclonal antibody iv abciximab peptide inhibitors iv eptifibatide, tirofiban 4. Antiplatelet drugs decrease platelet aggregation and inhibit thrombus formation in the arterial circulation, because in fasterflowing vessels, thrombi are composed mainly of platelets with little fibrin. Ppt anticoagulant drugs powerpoint presentation free to. Weitz blood coagulation and anticoagulant, fibrinolytic, and antiplatelet drugs. Anticoagulants, thrombolytics agents and antiplatelet drugs author. Plateletaggregation inhibition is not significant until after approximately 4 days of regular dosing. Antiplatelet drugs are most effective for arterial clots that are. This means it reduces the risk of blood clots forming. Anticoagulant and antiplatelet drugs linkedin slideshare. These drugs are used to reduce the risk of heart attacks and strokes. Khondaker atiqur rahman mdcardiology, phasea resident national institute of cardiovascular diseases 2. Antiplatelet drugs are therefore important for the prevention and treatment of intracardiac and arterial thrombosis and their consequences. Composed of platelet aggregates, fibrin, and trapped red blood cells, thrombi can form in arteries or veins. Platelets aggregate as haemostatic plugs at the site of vascular injury, whereby bleeding is limited or arrested in advance of plasma coagulation figure 1.
Antiplatelet treatment is drug treatment that decreases platelet aggregation and inhibit thrombus formation in the arterial circulation. Antiplatelet drug is a generic term, describing agents which decrease platelet aggregation and inhibit thrombus formation. Clopidogrel brand name plavix is an antiplatelet medicine. Antiplatelet drugs are used to treat thrombocythemia, heart attack, angina, and stroke risk reduction. Use of aspirin in primary prevention of cardiovascular disease, in patients with or without diabetes, or hypertension, is not recommended. They include aspirin and other nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents that prevent blood cells from clotting. New antiplatelet drugs for acute coronary syndrome.
Falace, dmd professor and division chief oral diagnosis and oral medicine university. Aspirin and triflusal irreversibly inhibits the enzyme cox, resulting in reduced platelet production of txa 2 thromboxane powerful vasoconstrictor that lowers cyclic amp and initiates the platelet release reaction. Because of the predominance of platelets and fibrin in thrombi, antithrombotic drugs used to treat thrombosis include antiplatelet drugs, which inhibit platelet activation or aggregation, anticoagulants, which attenuate fibrin formation, and fibrinolytic agents, which degrade fibrin. What are they antiplatelet agents prevent platelets from clumping and also prevent clots from forming and growing. Antiplatelet therapy in ischemic stroke and transient.
This material is provided for educational purposes only and is not intended for medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Drugs that reduce the tendency of platelets in the blood to clump and clot. Member of a class of pharmaceuticals that decrease platelet aggregation and inhibit thrombus formation. Antiplatelet drugs an overview sciencedirect topics. Anticoagulants and antiplatelet drugs eliminate or reduce the risk of blood clots. Worlds best powerpoint templates crystalgraphics offers more powerpoint templates than anyone else in the world, with over 4 million to choose from. Aspirin and triflusal irreversibly inhibits the enzyme cox, resulting in reduced. Pharmacodynamic properties of antiplatelet agents medscape. Antiplatelet drug, any drug that interferes with the aggregation of platelets and formation of a clot thrombus in a blood vessel. Learning objectives by the end of this lecture, students should be able to. Definition drugs which interfere with platelet function and are useful in prophylaxis of thromboembolic disorders the principal function of platelets is to prevent bleeding by thrombus formation 3.
Formation of a blood clot thrombus in blood vessels or the heart. Normally, when there is a cut or break in a small blood vessel, a blood clot. Ppt anticoagulant, antiplatelet powerpoint presentation. The antiplatelet drug or bloodthinner you are taking helps to prevent harmful blood clots from forming in your blood vessels. Theyre often called blood thinners, but these medications dont really thin your blood. Antiplatelet drugs are most effective for arterial clots that are composed largely of platelets. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools.
Drugs for acute coronary syndromes cardiovascular disorders. Antiplatelet therapy has formed the backbone of acs management for decades and the drug class continues to evolve as novel agents with increasingly efficacious. Patients selected for percutaneous coronary intervention, with the placement of a coronary stent, will require dual antiplatelet therapy with aspirin and either cangrelor. Ppt thrombolytics, anticoagulant and antiplatelet drugs. The cycloxygenase pathway, the receptor for adp, fibrinogen binding to the iib,iiia receptor. Antiplatelet agents play a major role in the treatment and prevention of myocardial infarction heart attacks, stent thrombosis, and ischemic stroke strokes caused by a blood clot. These drugs are used to reduce the risk of heart attacks and. Platelets are critical in haemostasis and the development of arterial thrombi. Download tables as pdfs go to my dashboard close antiplatelet drugs. Antiplatelet drugs target various steps in this process. Mode of action of antiplatelet agents ticlopidine ticlid platelet inhibition is irreversible.